Dab tsi yog Ultrasonic Sensor?
Ib qho ultrasonic sensor yog ib qho cuab yeej uas ntsuas qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub sensor mus rau ib qho khoom los ntawm huab cua yam tsis muaj kev sib cuag ntawm lub cev. Nws xam qhov kev ncua deb los ntawm emitting high-frequency suab tsis (tseem hu ua ultrasonic suab tsis) ntawm cov khoom ntsuas - tau txais lub reflected suab tsis thiab xam qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub sensor. Lub sijhawm nruab nrab ntawm qhov kis tau tus mob los ntawm qhov chaw xa khoom thiab xa rov qab los ntawm qhov chaw txais, ces qhov kev ncua deb yog ntsuas.
Ultrasonic sensor yog ib ceg tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv sensor thiab occupies ib tug loj feem nyob rau hauv lub sensor kev lag luam. Ultrasonic sensor muaj ntau yam zoo xws li siab precision, siab rhiab heev, muaj zog yoog raws thiab tus nqi qis, ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ntsuas qhov ntev. xaiv. Nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua ntawm kev lag luam hauv qab, txoj kev loj hlob yav tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam ultrasonic sensor yog dav heev.
Muaj ntau hom ultrasonic sensors. Raws li cov khoom siv, lawv tuaj yeem muab faib ua hom piezoelectric (Electrostrictive type) thiab hom magnetostrictive.
Piezoelectric (Electrostrictive) Ultrasonic Sensors:
Piezoelectric ultrasonic generators siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov cuam tshuam piezoelectric los hloov cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob ntau zaus rau hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob ntau zaus los tsim cov nthwv dej ultrasonic. Thaum qhov zaus ntawm kev thov hloov hluav taws xob sib npaug sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv piezoelectric, resonance yuav tshwm sim, thiab ultrasonic yoj generated nyob rau lub sij hawm no yog qhov muaj zog tshaj. Piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors tuaj yeem tsim cov zaus ultrasonic nthwv dej xws li kaum ntawm kilohertz mus rau kaum ntawm megahertz, thiab lawv lub suab siv tau ncav cuag kaum tawm watts ib square centimeter. Piezoelectric ultrasonic receivers ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm zoo piezoelectric nyhuv. Thaum lub ultrasonic yoj ua rau ntawm piezoelectric wafer ua rau lub wafer nthuav thiab cog lus, tsub nqi ntawm opposite polarities yog generated ntawm ob qhov chaw ntawm lub wafer. Cov nqi no tau hloov mus rau hauv qhov voltages, amplified thiab xa mus rau qhov ntsuas Circuit Court, thiab thaum kawg kaw los yog tso tawm. Tus qauv ntawm lub piezoelectric ultrasonic receiver yog qhov pib zoo ib yam li lub tshuab hluav taws xob ultrasonic, thiab qee zaum tib lub sensor yog siv los ua ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub receiver.
Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Sensor:
Qhov tshwm sim uas cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic stretch thiab cog lus raws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub magnetic teb nyob rau hauv ib tug alternating magnetic teb yog hu ua lub magnetostrictive nyhuv. Lub zog ntawm cov nyhuv magnetostrictive, uas yog, qib ntawm cov khoom elongation thiab luv luv, nws txawv nrog cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic sib txawv. Cov nyhuv magnetostrictive ntawm nickel yog qhov loj tshaj plaws. Yog tias qee qhov DC magnetic teb raug siv ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd siv qhov hloov pauv tam sim no, nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam nrog cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws. Ntxiv nrog rau npib tsib xee, cov ntaub ntawv ntawm magnetostrictive sensor muaj xws li hlau pob zeb diamond vanadium alloy thiab ferrite uas muaj zinc thiab npib tsib xee. Lawv ua haujlwm hauv qhov nqaim ntawm qhov ua tau zoo, nyob rau hauv ob peb kaum ntawm kilohertz, tab sis nrog lub zog txog li 100, 000 watts, suab qib mus txog ob peb kilowatts ib square millimeter, thiab kub siab kam rau ua.
